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Temperatures are specified by the notation ( T s/ T r) with T s representing the temperature at which the sample's density was determined and T r the temperature at which the reference (water) density is specified.
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For true ( in vacuo) relative density calculations air pressure must be considered (see below). The calculator does automatic interpolation calculation for density or. The table was taken from 'Perrys Chemical Engineers Handbook' by Robert H. It is nearly always the case that measurements are made at nominally 1 atmosphere (101.325 kPa ignoring the variations caused by changing weather patterns) but as relative density usually refers to highly incompressible aqueous solutions or other incompressible substances (such as petroleum products) variations in density caused by pressure are usually neglected at least where apparent relative density is being measured. Absolute measurements of water density with very small uncertainties on the order of 0.001 kg/m3 have previously been a metrological challenge, as is shown by measurements of the density of pure water performed in recent decades with different methods. This is a table of density (kg/L) and the corresponding concentration (Weight or Volume) of Ethanol (C 2 H 5 OH) in water at a temperature of 20☌. The density of substances varies with temperature and pressure so that it is necessary to specify the temperatures and pressures at which the densities or masses were determined. Temperature dependence See Density for a table of the measured densities of water at various temperatures. The density of water (H 2 O) changes depending on temperature and pressure - as with other substances. For example, a 1-litre soda bottle filled with air would feel much lighter than the same bottle filled with water. If an object were extremely dense, it would feel heavier than another object of the same size that was less dense. Occasionally a reference substance other than water is specified (for example, air), in which case specific gravity means density relative to that reference. Density is the amount of matter in an object compared to its volume (the amount of space it takes up).